Partnership and business formation laws in Slovenia.

What happens when you start a business in Slovenia without a written agreement.

Slovenia at a glance

Default split

Proportional to capital

Startup entity

Družba z omejeno odgovornostjo (d.o.o.)

Minimum capital

€7,500

Community property

Yes

Formation cost

€300–€1,000

Key legislation

Zakon o Gospodarskih Družbah (ZGD-1)

Slovenia has a relatively high minimum capital for a d.o.o. at €7,500 compared to neighboring countries. The corporate tax rate is 22%. Ljubljana has a small but active startup scene. Slovenia's company law (ZGD-1) follows the Austrian/German tradition. The country offers a simplified formation process using standardized articles at the VEM (Vse na Enem Mestu, All in One Place) points.

Default partnership rules in Slovenia

In a Slovenian družba z neomejeno odgovornostjo (d.n.o., general partnership), profits are distributed using a hybrid formula by default (ZGD-1 Art. 95): each partner first receives 5% interest on their capital, then the remainder is split equally. Partners are jointly and severally liable for partnership debts. The partnership must be registered in the Sodni register (Court Register). A partnership agreement (družbena pogodba) is required.

In Slovenia, profits are split proportionally to capital contributions by default. This means a partner who invested 80% of the capital would receive 80% of the profits. While this may seem more intuitive than the equal-split default in some countries, it still fails to account for non-cash contributions like time, expertise, and relationships. A written partnership agreement should address all types of contributions.

Družba z omejeno odgovornostjo (d.o.o.) in Slovenia

The d.o.o. is the standard entity for Slovenian startups. Minimum share capital is €7,500. Simplified formation through VEM points is free but limited to standardized articles. Full formation with a notary costs €300–€1,000 and takes about one week. Share transfers require notarial form. The articles of association (družbena pogodba) govern the company.

Without a shareholders' agreement, the relationship between founders is governed by the country's default rules, which rarely account for the realities of a startup — where contributions change over time and early effort often goes uncompensated. An operating agreement or shareholders' agreement is essential. Use our equity calculator to determine a fair split based on actual contributions.

What happens when a partner leaves in Slovenia

In a d.n.o., a partner can withdraw with six months' notice. For d.o.o. companies, share transfers require notarial form. Existing shareholders have pre-emption rights unless the articles provide otherwise. Minority shareholders holding at least 10% of capital can request a special audit.

A written agreement should address departure terms specifically, including how the buyout value is calculated, the payment timeline, vesting schedules, and any non-compete provisions. Understanding the concept of dead equity is important for managing these situations. Learn more about how dead equity affects businesses.

Marriage and business equity in Slovenia

Slovenia uses skupno premoženje zakoncev (marital community of property) by default. Assets acquired during the marriage are community property and divided equally on divorce. Pre-marital assets remain separate. A pre-nuptial agreement (pogodba o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij) can establish separate property. The agreement must be notarized.

Important for Slovenia business owners: Slovenia uses skupno premoženje zakoncev (marital community of property). Assets acquired during marriage are community property. Business owners should consider a pre-nuptial or post-nuptial agreement to protect their equity interests.

Formation and cost details

Main startup entity Družba z omejeno odgovornostjo (d.o.o.)
Minimum capital €7,500
Formation cost €300–€1,000
Default equity split Proportional to share capital contributions
Default partnership split Proportional to capital contribution
Community property Yes
Key legislation Zakon o Gospodarskih Družbah (ZGD-1)

Frequently asked questions

What is the minimum capital for a Slovenian d.o.o.?

The minimum share capital is €7,500. Simplified formation through VEM points is free for standardized articles. Full formation with custom articles and notary costs €300–€1,000.

How are partnership profits split in Slovenia?

In a d.n.o. (general partnership), profits follow a hybrid formula: each partner first receives 5% interest on their capital, then the remainder is split equally. Partners are jointly and severally liable for debts.

What is Slovenia's corporate tax rate?

The corporate tax rate is 22%. Dividends are taxed at a flat 25% withholding rate for individuals.

Does Slovenian community property affect businesses?

Yes. Business interests acquired during marriage are community property by default and divided equally on divorce. A notarized pre-nuptial agreement can establish separate property.

Related resources

Partnership laws in neighboring countries

Disclaimer: This page provides general information about Slovenia partnership and business formation laws and is not legal advice. Laws change, and the information here may not reflect the most recent amendments. The formation costs and capital requirements listed are approximate and may vary. Consult a qualified attorney licensed in Slovenia for advice specific to your situation. Equity Matrix is a software tool for tracking contributions and calculating equity; it does not provide legal services.

Replace Slovenia's defaults with a fair agreement.

Equity Matrix tracks contributions and calculates ownership automatically, so your agreement reflects what your team actually built together.